Beyond Just Shade – How Colorado Springs Landscapes Can Actively Cool Your Home and Yard
Beyond Just Shade – How Colorado Springs Landscapes Can Actively Cool Your Home and Yard
Understanding the Urban Heat Problem
Designing for Thermal Comfort: More Than Just Shade
1. Strategic Placement of Shade Structures
- Arbors and Pergolas: Place these on the west or southwest side of your yard to block the harshest afternoon sun. Opt for open structures with vine-covered lattices to allow air flow while still offering protection.
- Covered Patios and Outdoor Rooms: Extend living space and add cooler refuges with built-in patio roofs or gazebos. Use light-colored, reflective materials to reduce heat absorption.
2. Dense Tree Canopies and Vertical Shade
- Tree Placement: Plant large, dense-canopy trees like bur oak or Kentucky coffee tree on the south and west sides of your home. These can block solar radiation in summer while allowing sunlight through in winter once they shed their leaves.
- Vertical Green Screens: Train climbing plants like hops or trumpet vine on trellises to shade walls or outdoor seating areas.
Evaporative Cooling Techniques
1. Misters and Water Features
- Low-Profile Misters: Install misters in seating areas or under patio covers for immediate localized cooling. These systems add a gentle mist that evaporates quickly, reducing air temperature.
- Reflective Water Features: Small fountains or ponds near patios or windows provide both visual tranquility and evaporative benefits. Place water elements upwind from seating areas so cooled air is carried through the space.
2. High Transpiration Plants
Good Choices Include:
- Aspen trees (higher water use, but great transpiration rate)
- Red twig dogwood shrubs
- Sunflowers and other large-leaf annuals
Combine these plants around gathering areas, walkways, and entry points for passive cooling benefits.
Cool Pavement and Heat-Reflective Hardscaping
1. Lighter-Colored Pavers
2. Permeable Surfaces
- Gravel, decomposed granite, or permeable pavers allow rainwater to seep into the ground, cooling the soil and reducing runoff.
- Grasscrete or turfstone blends green space with structural support, maintaining airflow and permeability.
3. Emerging Cool Surface Technologies
As heatwaves become more intense, cool surface technologies are becoming essential tools in modern landscaping. Some companies now offer coatings or materials that significantly reduce heat absorption. These include:
- Cool pavements are made with high-albedo (reflective) materials that reduce heat absorption.
- Reflective coatings like CoolSeal® can be applied to existing surfaces. It was originally developed for streets but is now used in walkways and playgrounds.
- Porous and permeable pavers such as Turfstone™ or Belgard® Permeable Pavers, which create concrete grids that combine hardscaping with grass or gravel for both cooling and water absorption.
These surfaces can lower temperatures by 30°F to 50°F compared to traditional materials and reduce radiant heat near your home. Plus, they often require less maintenance over time and can help with stormwater management.
Designing with Airflow: Wind Tunnels and Breezeways
1. Wind Corridors
- Use Hedges, Screens, and Fencing: Position them to funnel prevailing winds (typically from the west or northwest) through the yard and towards patios or windows.
- Gap Spacing: Allow gaps between plants or fences to encourage airflow rather than create wind blocks.
2. Outdoor Breezeways
Vegetative Roofs and Living Walls
1. Green Roofs on Outbuildings
2. Living Walls
Additional Heat-Resistant Design Tips
- Minimize Heat-Retaining Materials Near Windows: Avoid placing large stones or dark mulch near windows, where heat can radiate into the home.
- Layering with Plantings: Use groundcovers under shrubs and trees to insulate soil, retain moisture, and prevent heat reflection.
- Nighttime Cooling: Install low-voltage or solar lighting to enjoy cool zones after sunset without adding heat to the yard.